Tragic Heroes Throughout A Streetcar Named Desire And The...

Blanche Dubois and Jay Gatsby are portrayed as tragic heroes throughout A Streetcar Named Desire and The Great Gatsby. In tragic novels and plays protagonists are often dealing with a conflict that they will ultimately lose in some way. The protagonist is often trying to right a wrong that leads to the world returning to the way it was before the conflict. Blanche wants to return to the old south when she was a young girl and Gatsby to when he first met Daisy during the war. A tragic hero would have traditionally been portrayed in literature as someone who was high born or in a position of importance however Arthur Miller believed that ordinary people can be the subject of tragedies. Protagonists in most tragedies also have a hubris, a fatal flaw in their personality that will prevent them from succeeding and lead to their downfall. Miller wrote that a characters fatal flaw is a â€Å"willingness to fight against indignity† and that â€Å"the error must spring from a noble intention which is somehow thwarted then we can admire the character as well as blaming him†. Blanche’s hubris ultimately leads to her downfall in the play. Her inability to adapt to modern society and move forward with the times eventually leads to her becoming hospitalised at the end of the play. She represents the ‘Old South’ or a ‘Southern Belle’ connected to the ideas of gentility, culture, wealth and aristocracy. One of Blanche’s fatal flaws is her ability to create illusions. She constantly believes that ShepShow MoreRelatedSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 Pages................................................. 31 Lord of the Flies, by William Golding (Murderous schoolboys stranded on an island!) ......................... 33 The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald (The famous American novel) ................................................ 35 Historical Events: The American Great Depression (1929-1930s) ........................................................................................ 37 World War I (1914-1918) ..............................

A Book Review Positioning by Al Ries and Jack Trout

[pic] Table of Contents POSITIONING: A well-defined concept 3 IMPORTANCE TO MARKETERS 3 FIVE (5) IDENTIFIED POSITIONING STRATEGIES 4 Classic â€Å"multibrand† Strategy (p49, p97) 4 Broadening the name, product application and/or usage (p50) 5 Cherchez le creneau (p54) 5 Reposition the Competition (p61) 6 Reverse line extension Strategy (p112) 7 POSITIONING AND THE MARKET 7 Cadbury – India 7 Zipcar’s Statement 9 Lifebouy’s 107-Year Heritage 10 Your Ready. Your Set. But are you in the right Position? 11 INSIGHTS 12 BIBLIOGRAPHY 13 POSITIONING: A well-defined concept Positioning is a concept in marketing which was first introduced by Jack Trout (†¦show more content†¦Just like with broadening the product’s application and/or usage can benefit the company, like how Arm and Hammer extended the use of baking soda from food to household (deodorizer and cleanser) that results in increase of demand for their product and an opportunity for them to be a customers’ option and latter became a strong multi-purpose product. Another example, by being the largest selling-fruit drink, Florida Citrus Commission promotes to drink orange juice not just for breakfast but also as part of their consumers’ snacks and meals making the product visible during their important time-of-the-day that may result to heavy-consumption. Cherchez le creneau (p54) â€Å"look for the hole and fill it† As stated in the book,†To find a creneau, you must have the ability to think in reverse, to go against the grain†. As a conventional marketer we normally minimize the weaknesses and maximize the strengths of our products plus good advertising strategy but why would Volkswagen Bettle come up with its â€Å"Think small† ad? Simply because they know its creneau, size. By this way they challenged the prospect’s assumption that bigger is necessarily better. Another creneau is high-price which is an advantage especially if you areShow MoreRelatedAdvertising Objectives1479 Words   |  6 Pagesnot break the pockets. The brand is reliable and has a great reputation so it is no doubt the products will sale. Positioning According to the book written by Al Ries and Jack Trout â€Å"Positioning: The battle for your Mind† positioning is described as a communication tool used to reach target customers in a crowded marketplace. Getting into the mind of the consumer is all about positioning the product. So, with that being said, the new product being launched will create a unique position in the mindRead MoreA Study On Brand Positioning At Ashirvad Pipes Private Limited Essay2018 Words   |  9 Pages â€Å"A STUDY ON BRAND POSITIONING † AT â€Å"ASHIRVAD PIPES PRIVATE LIMITED† By NAGENDRA.K USN: 1NH13MBA59 SUBMITTED To VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FUFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF DEGREE TO â€Å"MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION† Under the guidance of INTERNAL GUIDEEXTERNAL GUIDE NIVIYA FESTON Mr. SNAJAY Assistant Professor Manager Department of Management NEW HORIZON COLLEGE OF ENGINEERINGRead MoreCritical Review of Positionality Theory4253 Words   |  18 Pages Here we begin to explore this concept more with the support of relevant theories and the evidences available... TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction...............................................................................6 Literature Review......................................................................4 Methodology.............................................................................10 Main Argument.....................................................................Read MoreBranding Heineken5854 Words   |  24 Pagesbottle and can to taste the same and this is no problem for Heineken since they haven’t changed their recipe since 1873. So, consumers are satisfied because they get the same traditional Heineken taste they expect when they buy the brand. Proper-positioning: For a brand to be strong and successful the brand must get into a position in the market where the target audience prefer the brand to its competitors. The beer market is a very competitive market with many different beer brands. The Heineken brandRead MoreStrategic Brand Concept Image Management7464 Words   |  30 Pagesbrandconcept management (BCM), selecting, implementing,and connormativeframework, trollinga brandimage over time. The frameworkconsists of a sequential process of selecting, introducing, elaborating,and fortifyinga brand concept. The concept guides positioning strategies, and hence the brandimage, at each of these stages. The method for maintainingthis concept-image linkage depends on whether the brand concept is functional,symbolic, or experiential. Maintainingthis linkage should significantlyenhanceRead MoreMarketing Management Group Project6793 Words   |  28 Pagesfailure of a business or product. Group 3 selected Apple, iPad Air for the research project. The paper will address important marketing considerations for the iPad Air. The topics researched includes marketing analysis, promotions/marketing, positioning/competition/branding, product/service topic identification, promotions and services/pricing. The paper also addresses how well the iPad Air is addressing its entry into the market, response of the market and future in the consumer electronics marketRead MoreMy First Essay3227 Words   |  13 Pagesteam player „X Upper Management as Team Player models „X Performance Appraisal ... team player is in performance plan in more specific terms o Rating and ranking systems that pit employees against each other in the annual performance review process tend to work against the development of teamwork. A ranking system that includes a requirement for a bell-shaped-curve distribution further emphasizes competition over cooperation. (TPT) o In some competitive environments, team playersRead MoreMarketing Is Called Delivery of Standard of Living4264 Words   |  18 Pagesongoing process of moving people closer to making a decision to purchase, use, follow...or conform to someone elses products, services or values. Simply, if it doesnt facilitate a sale then its not marketing.[2] Philip Kotler in his earlier books defines as: Marketing is human activity directed at satisfying needs and wants through exchange processes. Add to Kotlers and Norris definitions, a response from the Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) [3]. The associations definition claimsRead MoreStrategic Management Process12814 Words   |  52 Pagesstill used today in which we must understand the gap between where we are currently and where we would like to be, then develop what he called â€Å"gap reducing actions†.[6] Peter Drucker was a prolific strategy theorist, author of dozens of management books, with a career spanning five decades. His contributions to strategic management were many but two are most important. Firstly, he stressed the importance of objectives. An organization without clear objectives is like a ship without a rudder. As earlyRead MoreLenovo Strategic Management7889 Words   |  32 Pages...........................................................3 1.1 BACKGORUND INFORMATION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 1.2 THE OBJECTIVE(S) OF THE FINAL REPORT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 1.3 The SCOPE OF THE FINAL REPORT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....4 2. LITERATURE REVIEW†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 2.1 GENERAL DEFINITION OF CORPORATE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT†¦.5 2.2 THE CLEAR LAYOUT OF CORPORATE MISSION AND OBJECTIVES†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 2.3 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PLANNING PROCESS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 2.4 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT EVALUATION

Report on wide screen displays Free Essays

A widescreen image is a movie, computing machine, or telecasting image with a width-to-height facet ratio greater than the standard 1.37:1 Academy facet ratio provided by 35mm movie. Screen Aspect Ratio is fundamentally a step of the horizontal length of a telecasting ( or movie ) screen, in relation to its perpendicular tallness. We will write a custom essay sample on Report on wide screen displays or any similar topic only for you Order Now In other words, a traditional telecasting has a Screen Aspect Ratio of 4Ãâ€"3. This means that a traditional telecasting has a screen that is four units long for every three units in tallness. Converting these units into inches would ensue in measurings of 4-inches by 3-inches or 8-inches by 6-inches, and on-and-on. By the same item, on widescreen telecasting ( such as today ‘s HDTVs ) , the Screen Aspect Ratio is 16 units long for every 9 units in tallness, or 16-inches by 9-inches, 32-inches by 18-inches, etc†¦ A 16Ãâ€"9 screen aspect ratio therefore consequences in a wider image show that a 4Ãâ€"3 facet ratio. This wider image show allows both films originally filmed in widescreen and new, widescreen telecasting scheduling, to be displayed more accurately. Latest development in widescreen show: Widescreen LCD shows: BARCO ‘s LC series of High-Resolution LCD shows has been specifically designed for usage in a broad assortment of professional applications. The LC household nowadayss chip, clear and color-accurate images on 42 † , 47 † and 56 † screen sizes. Dedicated versions with HD-SDI inputs are available. Having some of the most advanced LCD engineering available today, BARCO ‘s LC series stands for the ultimate in item. The LC series consists of a 42 † and 47 † show in native full high definition ( 1920Ãâ€"1080 pels ) and a 56 † show in quad full high definition ( 3840Ãâ€"2160 pels ) . Benefits: High brightness High contrast, even in high ambient visible radiation environments High declaration and pel denseness Frame lock and firing mechanism functionality Low power ingestion Long life-time Examples: 56 † quad full High Definition LCD show LC-5621 42 † native High Definition LCD show LCN-42 47 † native High Definition LCD show LCN-47 42 † native High Definition LCD show with extra HD-SDI inputs LCS-42 47 † native High Definition LCD show with extra HD-SDI inputs LCS-47 Technology used in broad screen show merchandise: Plasma screen engineering LED engineering CRT ( cathode beam tubing ) Liquid crystal display Plasma screen engineering: Flat panel plasma show is the latest show engineering and the best manner to accomplish shows with first-class image quality and big, level screen sizes that are easy viewable in any environment. Plasma panels are an array of cells, known as pels, which are composed of three bomber pels, matching to the colourss red, green, and blue. Gas in the plasma province is used to respond with phosphors in each bomber pel to bring forth coloured visible radiation ( ruddy, green, or blue ) . These phosphors are the same types used in cathode beam tubing ( CRT ) devices such as telecastings and standard computing machine proctors. You get the rich dynamic colourss that you expect. Each bomber pel is separately controlled by advanced electronics to bring forth over 16 million different colourss. All of this means that you get perfect images that are easy viewable in a show that is less than six inches thick. LED engineering: There are many consumer advantages to LEDs over incandescent or fluorescent visible radiation bulbs. LED lights consume much less energy. They are 300 per centum more efficient than a compact fluorescent visible radiation ( CFL ) , and 1,000 per centum more efficient than an candent bulb. They have a really long life, about 50,000 hours of usage at 70 per centum of their original power. ( LEDs do n’t fire out or spark, they merely melt. ) This works out to eight hours a twenty-four hours for 13 old ages at 70 per centum power. A typical 60-watt incandescent bulb may last about 1,000 hours. LED lighting contains no quicksilver or other toxins. LEDs emit no extremist violet ( UV ) visible radiation, so they do n’t pull bugs. They do n’t bring forth heat, so they are cool to the touch. They do n’t bring forth wireless frequence moving ridges, so they do n’t interfere with wirelesss or telecasting broadcasts. They besides are immune to quivers and dazes. CRT ( cathode beam tubing ) : The Cathode Ray Tube ( CRT ) is a vacuity tubing incorporating an negatron gun ( a beginning of negatrons ) and a fluorescent screen, with internal or external agencies to speed up and debar the negatron beam, used to make images in the signifier of light emitted from the fluorescent screen. The image may stand for electrical wave forms ( CRO ) , images ( telecasting, computing machine proctor ) , radar marks and others. The CRT uses an evacuated glass envelope which is big, deep, heavy, and comparatively delicate. LCD ( Liquid-crystal show ) : Liquid-crystal show telecastings ( LCD Television ) are telecasting sets that use LCD engineering to bring forth images. LCD telecastings are thinner and lighter than CRTs of similar show size, and are available in much larger sizes. This combination of characteristics made LCDs more practical than CRTs for many functions, and as fabrication costs fell, their eventual laterality of the telecasting market was all but guaranteed. In 2007, LCD telecastings surpassed gross revenues of CRT-based telecastings worldwide for the first clip, and their gross revenues figures relative to other engineerings are speed uping. LCD TVs are rapidly displacing the lone major rivals in the large-screen market, the plasma show panel and rear-projection telecasting. Liquid crystal displaies are, by far, the most widely produced and sold telecasting engineering today, forcing all other engineerings into niche functions. Benefits of the Widescreen When used for amusement, a widescreen show is in its component when demoing widescreen DVD films in their intended 16:9 facet ratio. This means a bigger image more comfort and less otiose infinite ( less or no black bands on either side of the image ) . The widescreen show besides makes it easier to redact and see bird’s-eye images and may extinguish troublesome horizontal scrolling wholly. Another benefit of the widescreen show is apparent when it comes to serious work – the ability to expose two Windowss side by side and to drag and drop ( or copy Ns ‘ paste ) information without holding to exchange between them is invaluable. How to cite Report on wide screen displays, Essay examples

Capital Punishment In America (History) Essay Example For Students

Capital Punishment In America (History) Essay CAPITAL PUNISHMENTCapital punishment has been in effect since the 1600s. However, in 1972 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty was cruel and unusual punishment, which was unconstitutional according to the eighth amendment. It was public opinion that the current methods of execution, hanging, electrocution, and facing a firing squad, were too slow and painful upon the person to be executed. The U.S. Supreme Court reversed this decision when a better way to bring about death was found in 1976. This better way is death by lethal injection, which is quick and painless if administered right. Since capital punishment has been reinstituted the issue has been a major discussion in the media and among the American public. Some say the death penalty is what the criminal deserves while others object to it because death is irreversible. In a trial the sentencing judge or jury are ordered by the Supreme Court to look for specific aggravating and mitigating factors in deciding which convicted murderers should be sentenced to death. Some of these mitigating factors are the defendants motivation, character, personal history, and most of all remorse. If applied right the death penalty is a legitimate form of justice. Every year approximately 250 new offenders are added to death row. In 1994 there were 2,850 persons awaiting execution. Yet no more than thirty-eight people have been executed a year since 1976. This is a ridiculously low number compared to 199 persons executed in 1935. The reason for this slow execution rate is the process of appeals, from sentencing to execution there is about a seven to eight year wait. The convicts cases are reviewed by the state courts and through the federal courts. With all this opportunity for the case to be turned over or the sentence to be changed it is almost impossible for an inn ocent person to be executed. Only two people have been proved innocent after their execution in the United States. These wrongful deaths occurred in 1918 and 1949. Since then the justice system has undergone a lot of fine-tuning making this extremely unlikely today. If someone is sitting on death row, then they more than likely deserve it. They have caused a great deal of grief to the family and friends of the victim or victims and it seems that the only way justice could be served is for the criminal to die. For the person to simply go to jail seems unfair. There they will eat three meals a day, get to watch cable TV, and befriend other inmates. They live a caged life but it is not a life without freedoms. It is a life they dont deserve. Out of the fifty states in the United States 37 have and use capital punishment. Out of the same fifty states only 18 have life imprisonment with out parole. In the other 32 states a person who shouldve been executed can be released after as little as 20 years in prison. There are certain standards that are followed in giving out capital punishment. The defendant can not be insane, and mans real or criminal intent must be present. Also, minors very rarely receive the death penalty because they are not fully mat ure and might not know the consequences of their actions. Finally the mentally retarded are very seldom executed. The reason for not executing the retarded is that they often have difficulty defending themselves in court, have problems remembering details, locating witnesses, and testifying credibly on their own behalf. If capital punishment were carried out more it would prove to be the crime deterrent it was partly intended. Most criminals would think twice before committing murder if they knew their own lives was at stake. As it turns out though very few people are executed and so the death penalty is not a satisfactory deterrent. During highly publicized death penalty cases the homicide rate is found to go down but it goes back up when the case is over. The death penalty is a punishment that will remain active for a long time in the future, even with all the criticism. It is an ancient way of dealing with extremely serious offences that plague our country today. Hopefully the ap peals process will be shortened, but remain effective, so more criminals can be executed, making prospective criminals think twice.

Christian History 102 Nicholas Ferrar Nicholas Ferrar Was Assumed To B

Christian History 102 Nicholas Ferrar Nicholas Ferrar was assumed to be born in 1592. I have found that his most probable birth date was in February of 1593. This is due to the usual calendar confusion: England was not at that time using the new calendar adopted in October 1582. It was 1593 according to our modern calendar, but at the time the new year in England began on the following March 25th. Nicholas Ferrar was one of the more interesting figures in English history. His family was quite wealthy and were heavily involved in the Virginia Company, which had a Royal Charter for the plantation of Virginia. People like Sir Walter Raleigh were often visitors to the family home in London. Ferrars' niece was named Virginia, the first known use of this name. Ferrar studied at Cambridge and would have gone further with his studies but the damp air of the fens was bad for his health and he traveled to Europe, spending time in the warmer climate of Italy. On his return to England he found his family had fared badly. His brother John had become over extended financially and the Virginia Company was in danger of loosing its charter. Nicholas dedicated himself to saving the family fortune and was successful. He served for a short time as Member of Parliament, where he tried to promote the cause for the Virginia Company. His efforts were in vain for the company lost their charter anyway. Nicholas is given credit for founding a Christian community called the English Protestant Nunnery at Little Gidding in Huntingdonshire, England. After Ferrar was ordained as a deacon, he retired and started his little community. Ferrar was given help and support with his semi-religious community by John Collet, as well as Collet's wife and fourteen children. They devoted themselves to a life of prayer, fasting and almsgiving (Matthew 6:2,5,16). The community was founded in 1626, when Nicholas was 34 years old. Banning together, they restored an abandoned church that was being used as a barn. Being of wealthy decent, Ferrar purchased the manor of Little Gidding, a village which had been discarded since the Black Death (a major outbreak of the bubonic plague in the 14th century), a few miles off the Great North Road, and probably recommended by John Williams, Bishop of Lincoln whose palace was in the nearby village of Buckden. About thirty people along with Mary Ferrar (Ferrars' mother) moved into the manor house. Nicholas became spiritual leader of the community. The community was very strict under the supervision of Nicholas. They read daily offices of the Book of Common Prayer, including the recital of the complete Psalter. every day. Day and night there was at least one member of the community kneeling in prayer at the alter, that they were keeping the word, ?Pray without ceasing?. They taught the neighborhood children, and looked after the health and well being of the community. They fasted and in many ways embraced voluntary poverty so that they might have as much money as possible for the relief of the poor. They wrote books and stories dealing with various aspects of Christian faith and practice. The memory of the community survived to inspire and influence later undertakings of Christian communal living, and one of T.S. Eliots' Four Quartets is called ?Little Gidding.? Nicholas was a bookbinder and he taught the community the craft as well as gilding and the so-called pasting printing by means of a rolling press. The members of the community produced the remarkable ?Harmonies? of the scriptures, one of which was produced by Mary Collet for King Charles I.. Some of the bindings were in gold toothed leather, some were in velvet which had a considerable amount of gold tooling. Some of the embroidered bindings of this period have also been attributed to the so-called nuns of Little Gidding. The community attracted much attention and was visited by the king, Charles I. He was attracted by a gospel harmony they had produced. The king ask ed to borrow it only to return it a few months later in exchange for a promise of a new harmony to give his son, Charles, Prince of Wales.

Holding Debates in Middle School Classes

Holding Debates in Middle School Classes Debates are wonderful, high-interest activities that can add great value to lessons for middle school students. They provide students with a change from the norm and allow them to learn and use new and different skills. They have the natural appeal of watching controlled disagreements while scoring points. Further, they are not very challenging to create. Here is a great guide explaining how to hold a class debate that shows how easy it can be if you plan ahead. Benefits of Debates One of the greatest benefits of using debates in class is that students will get to practice a number of important skills including: Learning about the topic assigned. Obviously, researching the topic involved provides students with more information than can be gleaned during in-class lessons. Further, by having to argue for or against a proposition, students have to dig deeper into a topic and look at it from both sides.Using important research skills as they prepare for the debate. Researching information is a learned skill. While many students will have been exposed to library use, encyclopedias, and Internet research during their elementary years, they will need to have these skills reinforced and expanded upon. Further, students will need to learn about ways to judge the validity and accuracy of web resources.Working together as a team both before and during the debate itself. Having students work together as they research and then perform the debate can help them learn important skills about cooperation and trust. Of course, as teachers, we have to have methods in place to ensure that all students are workin g. If one or more student is not pulling their weight, then the grades of the other team members should not be penalized. Practicing public speaking skills. Debates provide students with necessary practice for public speaking made easier by passionately arguing their point of view. This skill will be important for them the rest of their educational and possibly work career.Using critical thinking skills in a real world setting. Debates require students to think on their feet. When one team makes a valid point, the other team needs to be able to marshall their resources and come up with an effective response. Challenges for Middle School Teachers For these and other reasons, teachers often want to include debates in their lesson plans. However, implementing debates in middle school classes can sometimes be quite challenging. There are a number of reasons for this including: Varying maturity levels. Students in middle school are typically between the ages of 11 and 13. This is such a transitional period for students. Personal behavior and maintaining focus can be a challenge at times.Students may not have the necessary research skills. In many cases, students will not have had to research information in the way needed to do a good job in a class debate. Therefore, it is very important that you spend the time helping them prepare.Students may be self-conscious. Public speaking can be daunting. Having them act as a team can help. Creating Successful Debates Debates are a great part of a teachers repertoire of activities. However, there are a few caveats that must be remembered to make the debate successful. Pick your topic wisely, ensuring that it is acceptable for middle school students. Use the following list for great ideas in middle school debate topics.Publish your rubric before the debate. Your debate rubric helps students see how they will be graded.Consider holding a practice debate early in the year. This can be a fun debate where students learn the mechanics of the debate activity and can practice with a topic that they might already know a lot about.Figure out what you are going to do with the audience. You will probably want to keep your team down to about 2 to 4 students. Therefore, you will need to hold a number of debates in order to keep the grading consistent. At the same time, you will have the majority of your class watching as the audience. Give them something upon which they will be graded. You might have them fill out a sheet about each sides position. You might have them come up with and ask questions of each debate team. However, what you dont want is 4 to 8 stud ents involved in the debate and the rest of the class not paying attention and possibly causing distractions. Make sure that the debate does not become personal. There should be some basic ground rules established and understood. The debate should focus on the topic at hand and never on the people on the debate team. Make sure to build consequences into the debate rubric.

Romantic Era Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Romantic Era - Essay Example A number of European society’s aspects transformed the romantic era in different ways. For instance, in romantics â€Å"nature† meant many things. It was perceived as a source of image and subject, as healing power, as an artificial form of civilization (Geoffrey, 2004). Romanticism gave a lot of emphasis in accurate description of natural phenomena and capturing of â€Å"sensuous nuance† which was a true representation of romantic landscape. Other aspects of European society that transformed the romantic era included symbolism and myth. Symbols borrowed from the European society in romanticism were viewed as human artistic correlatives of emblematic language in nature (Hye-Kyung, 2005). They were given a lot of value and attention, since they could suggest many things simultaneously. One can say that the myths were partly used because of the desire to communicate â€Å"inexpressible† by use of the readily available language resources. During this period, people’s love for nature and imagination had prospered, flourished and skyrocketed. The main tenets of romanticism included individualism, emotionalism, and nature. These three main qualities are visible repeatedly in a number of very important and lasting artists, authors, musicians, and so forth. In romantic art and literature, nature was portrayed in a romantic manner. For instance, in artistic paintings such as the kindred spirits done by Asher Durand nature is portrayed alongside friendship between two men (Irving, 2004). In the painting, the two men stand on top of a cliff surrounded by very beautiful scenery. Use of light in the painting makes it to appear somehow hazy but well illuminated. Use of lush and green trees in a mountainous background creates an emphasis of simple, pure beauty of nature. Emotionalism is another tenet deeply shown in romantic literature. The romantics had a common belief that opening one-self or â€Å"using

Societal Perception Of Foreign Business In Nigeria Dissertation - 1

Societal Perception Of Foreign Business In Nigeria - Dissertation Example Such permission can only be granted by the local communities like the Ogoni. The social perceptions towards the foreign companies operating in Nigeria deteriorated as communities became displaced and their resources forcefully are taken to accommodate the oil fields. The societal perceptions of the oil-led development in many countries have many consequences. Some of these consequences include slow growth, inequality, and unemployment. Countries that depend on oil production are characterized by poor governance, high rates of corruption and high instances of conflict. This has added to the notion that foreign companies are exploitive and unfriendly. Norway has used the benefits of North Sea petroleum to develop its economy. Nigeria and Angola have been suffering from poor management of the same resource. In Nigeria, the disparity between poverty and oil wealth is notable (Parker 2006). The same trend has been observed in Venezuela. Foreign companies like Shell-BP for partnerships with domestic elites with an aim of protecting their interests. The multinational has been blamed for the inequalities created by the oil-led development. In the Niger Delta region, exploration began in 1958. The compensation of the land acquisition in the delta region has aided only a small group of people (Apter 2005). The environment and the local economy remain devastated. Gas flaring has permanently destroyed food crops and the only source of livelihoods for the local communities (Parker 2006). Barren farmlands and destruction of drinking water have created tensions between the local communities and the foreign mining companies. Thousands of villagers have been killed through explosions and raptures.

Gold Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Gold - Research Paper Example Gold is a dense element having a shiny, soft and malleable surface. Its chemical symbol is Au which comes from a Latin word Aurum. It has an atomic number of 79. Gold is among the non-reactive metal, thus, it many functional uses in manufacturing industries and natural environments. It has rust resistance i.e. does not react with oxygen. It is a good conductor of electricity being able to convey a very tiny electrical current in temperature ranging from -550 to +2000. 1 This metal is among the most ductile metals, thus, it allows to be molded into very small threads or wires without breaking. Furthermore, gold is malleable. This makes it possible to be shaped into extraordinary thin sheets. It is known to be the least absorptive material, but most reflective of infrared energy. Gold with a high purity has the capability of reflecting 99 percent of infrared rays. Also, gold is among the best heat conductors or thermal energy. This makes it to be used to transfer heat away from very de licate instruments, like electronics. Gold alloys, being the most tenacious and long performing material that is used to guard electronics against high temperatures produced by them. It occurs in its compound and also in native state (It’s Free State). 2 Gold is not combined with any other element in nature. Telluride (a compound of element Tellurium) is the most common compounds of gold. For example, gold telluride (AuTe 2) is mostly composed of mineral calavarite. Also, gold is found in Nuggets and chunks large enough to see. 3 This enables people to mine gold by picking and collecting it from the rivers and streams. Gold estimation abundance in the earth crust is around 0.005 Parts per Million. 3 This makes a very small fraction as compared to Iron and other metals. Many people believe that, about 70 million tons of gold are found in oceans. This has led to many ocean

The Construction Design And Management Regulations Construction Essay

The Construction Design And Management Regulations Construction Essay The construction industry is one of the largest industries in the United kingdom employing 2.2 million of the united kingdoms population which is 1 in 14 of the united kingdoms workforce (source www.connexionsbedfordshire.org.uk). According to corporatewatch.org the United Kingdoms construction industry is worth around  £65 billion per annum generating an output of  £81.9billion in 2002. These statistic confirms that the construction industry is the largest within the United kingdom which is soon thing for the industry to be proud of as a gloss earner for the United Kingdom. But being the largest employer the United Kingdom as come with a price that important overweighs the amount of money it generates annually. It is also one of the most dangerous (www.hse.gov.uk). In the year of 2008 to 2009 there were 254.1 Major injury rate per 100 000 employees(www.hse.gov.uk). During the period between 2008 to 2009 1.2 million people that worked last year suffered illness caused by their current or past work. there where also 180 workers killed at a rate of 0.6 per 100 000 workers and 131895 other injuires to workers reported under RIDDER at a rate of 502.2per 100 000employees.The labour force survey concluded that their were 246 000 reportable injuries between 2008 and 2009 at a rate of 870 per 100 000 workers. This high rate of injury and illness had caused 29.3 million worki ng days to be lost which is a rate of 1.24 days per worker. It was found that 24.6 million of these lost days where caused due to work related illnesses and 47.7 million due to work related injuries (www.hse.gov.uk). These statistics are of major interest to the government, construction firms, and construction industry clients. This is due to the lives, time and revenue that have been wasted because of the weakness in the construction industries health and safety legislation. To the client and project managers are usually working to a tight budget so going beyond and above what is required from legislation is not of major concern within the construction site culture.makeing the most amount of profit possable within the shortest time possable is sadly the main concern of a client and project manager. No matter how big or small your property development is, health and safety should be seen as something that helps a development run smoothly and successfully, not as a cost that can be c ut (Grant Prior www.contractjournal.com). This way of thinking has coused the client lacks in his jutie to provide a safe place of work and the principle contractor not checking and creating adequate safe systems of work for each activity onsite specific to the site. The construction industry safety legislation is continuously developing reacting to new and old safety issue. But its true legislations are only as affective as the people implementing then. The cultural behaviour of the construction industry site environment can bring limitations to the efficiently of legislation but can the legislation room for broad interpretation could be the cause for this culture. A stricter legislation would influence construction industry workers to be more observant in their approach to construction projects and thereby changing the construction industries culture has a result help to reduce the rate of injuries and fatalities in the industry. It my view that the revised regulations Construction Design and Management 2007 still needs improvement before it implementation can actually achieve the objectives set out for it to to improve health, safety and welfare in the industry. By amending the current construction design management regulation 2007 to create better guidelines for the control and co-operation for passing on information to support the Health and safety plan system of work. (www.hse.gov.uk) Aims and Objectives In this dissertation using research I will demonstrate that construction deign management regulation (CDM) 2007, affect construction projects throughout their duration and require serious reviewing to reduce the amount of accidents on construction sites per annum . The aim of the study is to trace the development of CDM 2007 Regulations, and demonstrate that the new regulations have significant merits, but been ineffective in completely achieving their objectives. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the areas where CDM 2007 Regulations have been limited in scope and make suggestions for. The following objectives shall be explored: To demonstrate CDM 2007 Regulations and previous regulations affect project management outcomes. To explore the efficacy of CDM 2007 implementation plans and guidance. To explore options for improvement of CDM 2007 congruent with the construction industrys requirements. The purpose is to explore options available for project team members to reduce the rate of incidents, fatalities and injuries in a construction project. Scope of Dissertation In my research I will explain the historical development of construction Design Management Regulations progression over the 18 years. The research will show that the amendments and attempted improvement of construction design management has not achieved it maximum potential. I will evaluate the roles and responsibilities of site team members on a Construction design management regulations project. I will explain how the job roles responsible under could change to improve their capacities to over come problems that conflict them in general activities. This dissertation aims to purpose is to add ideas for the improvement of the construction industries construction design management regulation without taking away any thing positive which is in implementation at present. Methodologies The methodology for this dissertation is going to be based on observations and experiences and research which I will attempt to interpret. I the factual evidence found though research and used what I have found to support or dispute the point and arguments made. In this dissertation Im doing to be looking at the components of Construction Design Management regulation 2007 Regulations and the project members that are contributors to the regulations and those who are affected by it. The idea is to investigate the regulations and attempt to interpret it from the implementers prospective rather than from the regulators implementation objective. To achieve this I will use primary and secondary resources in my analysis of the construction and design management regulations 2007. All my primary research will come from legislation and government literature. The secondary research will come from internet websites, blogs, magazines, reports and press articles using these research method I will the following approaches: (www.marketresearchworld.net/ www.howto.co.uk) Purpose and History of CDM The construction design management regulation is a government legislation created to raise the standards of health and safety in the building and construction industry. this is to be achieved by improving co-ordination between are various parties involved at the preparation stage of a construction project and also while work is being carried out. The construction design management regulation 2007 originate from the Health and Safety at Work Act of 1974 which was implemented as a regulation for contractors to implement at construction sites for the safety and health of its workers. Before 1974 there were no laws legislating health and safety. The welfare of workers was governed by the common law of the Factories Act 1961. The Construction Regulations 1961 was by way of law introduced to control the construction industry, while the 1974 Act was useful in risk assessments and statement of methods for everyday activities at factories, but not specifically construction activities. The Construction Design Management 1994 took effect in 31 March. the Construction Design Management regulations 1994s applied to All demolition work where safety is enforced by the HSE All building and maintenance work which is notifiable to the local HSE (i.e. lasts more than 30 days) or which involves 5 or more workers But not work on domestic premises or minor work in occupied offices, shops or similar premises. (www.lhc.org.uk) The roles that had responsibilities under CDM 1994 were the client, Planning Supervisor designer the principle contractor for all building and maintenance work notifiable to the local HSE which are stated above. (Source: www.lhc.org.uk) Since the original CDM Regulations were introduced in1994 concerns were raised that their complexity and the bureaucratic approach of many duty holders frustrated the Regulations underlying health and safety objectives. These views were supported by an industry-wide consultation in 2002 which resulted in the decision to revise the Regulations. (source: www.hse.gov.uk) The revision of the Construction Design Management was pending which gave birth to Construction Design Management regulation 2007. CDM 2007 has been evolutionary, according to HSE, rather than revolutionary. It stems from the demand for the identification, reduction, management and communication of project-specific health and safety hazards. (www.constructingexcellence.org.uk) The Construction Design Management regulations 2007 is a combination of the Construction Design Management 1994, Approved Code of Practice and the Construction Health Safety and Welfare regulations of 1996. The objectives of CDM 2007 are to: Simplify the regulations and improve clarity Maximise their flexibility Focus on planning and management, not The Plan and other paperwork Strengthen requirements on co-operation and co-ordination- encourage better integration Simplify competence assessment, reduce bureaucracy and raise standards Value of CDM Construction Design Management regulations 2007 are in place to insist on duty holders to positively contribute to reduction of accidents and fatalities the fact remains the principle contractor is still held responsible for all aspects of accidents. Since CDM 2007 Regulations are based on the Workplace Safety and Health Act. The intention of the regulation is the principle contractor should eliminate hazardous work and reduce risks or otherwise face legal and financial consequences. The problem with such regulations is that these cannot eliminate accidents or risks entirely through application. To change the old culture of blaming the principle contractors management team Construction Design Management 2007 Regulations would have to be more stringent in their approach for health and safety practices.(www.ies.org.sg) The Construction Design Management Regulations 2007 was revised to improve on the limitations of Construction Design Management regulation 1994. The areas that have been changed include simplification of regulations, flexibility, focus on planning and management; strengthen requirements for cooperation for integration into the construction supply chain, and raising the standards for achievement. But the effectiveness of their implementation is compromised because: The client who is one of the most influential entities in the construction project is not competent to make decisions referring to routine construction procedures such as composition of the project team, skill pool, health and safety issues and the roles of designers, contractors and coordinators. The CDM Coordinator is often engaged at a later stage. The coordinator then receives relevant information on the construction project later than scheduled making the planning process longer than required. Designers are still unaware of their responsibilities under CDM 2007 Regulations pertaining to health and safety issues. They have little training or education on work practices. Also they do not consider health and safety issues like maintenance, repair, clean up, refurbishment or demolition concern them. This lack of concern also stems from the culture of pre-design for approval at the planning stage. Since the designs are prepared with detailed costs before the planning stage, the CDM coordinator has less control over the changes. The duty of appointment of workers, tender for materials, and appointment of subcontractors rests on the principal contractor who is engaged at the planning stage. Delay results in increased project costs and, at times, forces the team to launch the project with lesser consideration for risks of lives. The principal contractor often operates separately from the clients team. They tend to be hostile and protect their team regardless of the risks of health and safety planned by the client or advised by the principal. Alos the Construction Design Management Regulations 2007 efficacy is compromised by the construction lifecycle and value to the client. Projects are dependent on planning permissions clients commitment to investment and finding buyers for the developed structure. The requirement for focusing on the planning stage like the appointment of a CDM coordinator, design. The clients competence is less important. The things takes dominant concern is the tenders, appointment of principal contractors, budgeting and getting the project to take flight. Issues like maintenance, cost of health and safety arrangements, and post-maintenance features are neglected. These elements not only impact the outcome of the project but also impact the work in progress. (www.ciob.org.uk//PRLCCDMpresentaiontoCIOBoffice972.pdf?ref). Analyses The Construction Design Management Regulations 2007 has been implemented for more than two years. The question that arises is whether it has been effective in achieving the set out for it objectives: Simplify the regulations and improve clarity Maximise their flexibility Focus on planning and management, not The Plan and other paperwork Strengthen requirements on co-operation and co-ordination- encourage better integration Simplify competence assessment, reduce bureaucracy and raise standards Before I answer this question I will needs to analyse Construction Design Management Regulations 2007. At the beginning of the study I established the following objectives for CDM 2007 Regulations. These are discussed below based on the findings from the literature review: The Construction Design Management and previous regulations affect project management outcomes The construction industry is one of the major industries of the UK economy with contribution of up to 8 percent of GDP and  £17 billion in financial terms. Yet, it is perhaps one of the most hazardous too, with, according to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Disproportionate level of fatals, major injuries and incidents of ill-health. It is for this reason that regulations for health and safety have been implemented to regulate it. The latest regulations, CDM 2007 are improvements over the old ones with the view to eliminate the previous limitations and ensure more focused implementation. However major industry leaders, players and practitioners are of the view that the CDM 2007 Regulations have both negative and positive impacts on construction as a whole. The value of the impact is great and can be estimated as costs incurred to the society from accidents, human lives and legal litigations. According to www.opsi.gov.uk (2007, for the 10-year period appraised, the number of reported injuries in the construction industry is  £7.9 billion, while minor injuries accounted for  £216 million, and ill-health equalled to  £10.2 billion. However, with the improvement over CDM 1994 Regulations the industry and government have hopes to gain from the change, as shown in Appendix 4. Earlier in 2006, the UK had one of the lowest incidence rates among EU countries.(Appendix3) www.hse.gov.uk/construction/cdm/session1.PPT/ http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/phase1.pdf) After the implementation of CDM 2007, the 2008 provisional estimates of fatality rate have fallen sharply, signifying the effectiveness of the regulations. However, it must also be noted that the change has not met the desired estimated target (See Appendix 2, 5, 6) (www.hse.gov.uk). Instead Construction design management affected professional have new roles and responsibilities assigned which earlier had been vague. On paper these changes can be said to have a positive impact on the industrys culture but the reality is that it has created negative perceptions of CDM 2007 Regulations more than positive ones. According to a survey of construction practitioners, 47 percent are of the view that the duty holders of the Regulations are not competent of their assigned duties. In fact, they are of the view that practitioners may vouch for the positive effect of CDM 2007 on the industry but how effective is it for implementing on project is another case. The culture of paperwork for drafting policies and procedures may continue but practical it has a long way to go (www.cdm2007.org). As a result, Construction Design Management Regulations 2007 has a superficial effect on projects in developing a culture of responsibilities on paper for the current time. In fact Construction Design Management 2007 requirements have lengthened the process of pre-construction planning and designing. The role of the client, for example, is central in construction project but it can be observed that the client is distant or unaware of construction activities. Even though the role of CDM-Coordinator has been emphasised for advice and guidance, the client often engages them at a later stage when advice is too late for proper implementation. In this situation, it can be said that the Construction Design Management Regulations 2007 have slowed down rather than helped project management in the construction industry. To explore the efficacy of CDM 2007 implementation plans and guidance. As much as 59 percent of the CDM 2007 Survey indicates that executives at organisations recognise the importance of CDM 2007 as a policy for implementation, but to which depth they follow this policy is yet to be seen. Elements like leadership and communication for creating awareness, training and educating practitioners are usually absent from construction projects, but present at construction organisations. This means that construction organisations, especially contractors, designers and building managers, are aware of the positive impact of CDM 2007; but such awareness is not present at the clients end. The survey also indicates that as much as 62 percent have support and resources to adopt CDM 2007 duties (www.cdm2007.org). I understands that the CDM 2007 Regulations are improvements over the CDM 1994 with change of roles to improve health and safety incidents through the effective implementation of roles and by eliminating paper trail. According to www.hse.gov.uk study (See Appendix 4, 5 6 and 7) incidents of fatalities and injuries have decreased significantly in the years that CDM 2007 Regulations have been implemented. But more importantly it has not impacted the productivity of construction. The overall production level has increased, while the incidents rate has decreased. In this context, it can be said that CDM 2007 Regulations have been effective in their objectives. Despite these facts, according to discussion the section regarding affect project management outcomes people affected by the construction design management regulations 2007 in the construction industry are still feeling their way around new regulation. They recognise the importance of Construction Design Management 2007 for the improved health and safety environment in construction, but not sure construction professional affected are equipped to effectively implement the regulations. Tje reason for this this inefficiency is because of the lack of guidance and means for adopting CDM 2007 Regulations. For example standards for health and safety measures are outlined but construction workers under the construction design regulation 2007 are not guided through the process. Clients, who are not well-versed in construction activities, may assume health and safety measures. Designers who do not have concerns with health and safety issues are not trained to plan or participate in their imple mentation. Also the role of the Planning Supervisor, who has been replaced by the CDM Coordinator has minimal impact on the process of implementing health and safety regulations because the coordinator often find out about the project after the planning process due to the clients unwillness to appoint them at the inception stage in most cases to save money . This leaves the designers and principal contractors to relegate health and safety communication to members on the project. In such a scenario, it is expected that CDM 2007 implementation is likely to fail. Options for improvement of CDM 2007 The implementation authority for Construction Design Managment 2007 Regulations is the HSE. In Construction Design Management Regulation 1994 the monitoring and controlling authority had been well-defined, but required much paperwork. In the latest Regulations, however, the monitoring authority has a punitive role while the internally-appointed duty holder, the principle contractors and the CDM-coordinator have secondary roles because they are dependent on the client for pay and approval. This leaves less room for authoritative monitoring and executive decisions for designing or planning a safe work environment. The framework for implementing Construction Design Management Regulation 2007 Regulations (See Appendix 8) can be improved, but requires more attention to project management practice. According to HSE prediction, health and safety directly impact the productivity of the industry. To improve productivity, improvement in the work environment is essential. Elements like program for increasing employee satisfaction, safe work environment, training, and investment in skilled human resources with high qualifications and background can add value to the project. But more importantly construction companies and projects which adopt these practices can improve in performance as well. Some of the options for integrating improvement in the construction work environment are outlined in the Construction Design Management Regulation 2007, but have to be guided and outlined for dutie holders to adopt: Development of campaigns for CDM 2007 implementation to ensure that the right guidance and options for adoption are communicated to the duty holders. Educating the client should become a priority for the contracting organisation and the authority to make sure that the client is clear of their duties. If required, training can also help the client to understand the process of construction and project management. This way they would be able to effectively manage the team responsible for project outcome. Key duty holders should be made aware of their roles and responsibilities, but more importantly, they need to adopt their duties at the inception stage. This should be made mandatory so that they know their responsibilities right from the beginning. Duty holders like the CDM coordinator and designer should have some executive decisions to carry out their roles more responsibly and effectively. The inspection system is essential for implementing CDM 2007. This is because they would have an unbiased role to play in the construction project. This should be carried out by a third party or from the HSE organisation, and appointed on the project for regular review of health and safety procedures. These are but some options available to construction expert in project management. 5 Conclusions The above research study has been carried out with the view to evaluate how Construction (Design and Management) Regulations affect a construction project. It is clear that CDM Regulations have a long history with improvements over old laws to achieve the objectives of managing risks and reducing accidents at construction sites. The current Construction Design Management Regulation 2007 is far from perfect although they are much better than the previous ones. They have achieved their objectives of stress on planning and managing risks, reduction of risks, bureaucratic system of reporting authority and paper trail. Even statistics indicate that the rates of fatalities, injuries, and ill-health have improved significantly over the past few years (Appendix 1). This should satisfy the industry experts and duty holders of CDM 2007 client, contractor, designer, coordinator, and building manager. My view the main objective of a safe and healthy work environment as compared to other industries in the UK has not materialised as planned. There is still room for improvement. From the above analysis it is clear that accidents continue to happen at construction sites. Duty holders are still clueless of their roles and responsibilities. As a result Construction Design Management Regulations 2007s application still requires improvements. Some of the options have been outlined in the analysis section but one must bear in mind that the list is not exhaustive. As practitioners go along implementing Construction Design Management Regulations 2007 they will find that client dissatisfaction employees caution of health and safety issues, and the continual rate of accidents will motivate them to devise ways to improve the work environment. But in the meanwhile the UK government, along with the construction industrys leaders should develop guidelines with examples for implementation of the Co nstruction Design Management Regulations to speed up and improve implementation processes in the next amendment of the Construction Design Management Regulations. Bibliography http://www.uwic.ac.uk/ltsu/u_area/studyskills/unit11.html http://www.howto.co.uk/business/research-methods/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methodology http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucracy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_Acts http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=encr=countryUK%7CcountryGBei=wNrySpzJNNKrjAe98PimDgsa=Xoi=spellresnum=0ct=resultcd=1ved=0CAYQBSgAq=cdm+case+studies+refurbishmentspell=1 http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/index.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom CDM regulations explained 2001, By Raymond Joyce http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QCl1ydfh24QCprintsec=frontcoverdq=cdm+regulation+explainedcd=1#v=onepageqf=false http://www.marketresearchworld.net/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=810 References http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/tables/ind1.htm http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/overpic.htm 11:05 23 Feb 2009 Grant Prior http://www.contractjournal.com/Articles/2009/02/23/65131/hse-targets-refurb-death-sites.html www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/sectors/construction/index.html+dti+construction+industry+largestcd=1hl=enct=clnkgl=ukclient=firefox-a Donaghy 2009 www.hse.gov.uk/construction/cdm/session1.PPT Published by construction skills The site managers safety training scheme for the building and civil engineering industries (course notes) New Edition 2007 Introduction to Health and Safety at Work   By Phil Hughes, Ed Ferrett http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YhlKT43FNRACpg=PA444lpg=PA444dq=the+Factories+Act+CDMsource=blots=Bhdi-0cFm3sig=jlL-ETNDkhzdl3pEDLkeN-Cfg9chl=enei=dePeS6W_GY7w0wTCjZ3IBwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=5ved=0CCUQ6AEwBA#v=onepageq=the%20Factories%20Act%20CDMf=false www.lhc.org.uk/members/pubs/factsht/51fact.htm) http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/cdm/legal.htm http://www.constructingexcellence.org.uk/pdf/final_cdm_guidance_21June07.pdf http://www.ies.org.sg/enewsletter/Report_UK_CDM_Regulations_Implementation.pdf Bill McKenzie Lord McKenzie of Luton http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2007/em/uksiem_20070320_en.pdf http://www.dwp.gov.uk/docs/one-death-is-too-many-response.pdf CDM survey http://www.cdm2007.org/Press/Default.aspx Appendix 1 Appendix 1 Estimated prevalence rates of self-reported illness caused or made worse by the current or most recent job, per 100 000 people working in the last 12 months Appendix 2 Fatal and injury trends (Percentage incidence rate changes against targets) www.hse.gov.uk/construction/cdm/session1.PPT Appendix 3 http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/phase1.pdf Appendix 4 Bill McKenzie Lord McKenzie of Lutonhttp://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2007/em/uksiem_20070320_en.pdf Appendix 5 http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/phase1.pdf Appendix 6 http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/phase1.pdf Appendix 7 http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/phase1.pdf

Marine Pollution: Causes and Solutions Essays -- Marine Biology

As the world develops and the human population grows there is more pollution being dumped into the oceans, causing major problems to marine life and ecosystems. Major causes of marine pollution involve non-point pollutants, marine garbage, toxic ocean pollutants and sewage disposal in oceans. From heavy metal poisoning including lead and mercury killing predators such as sharks and whales, to waste getting trapped in the digestive tracts of marine animals, this essay focuses on how human interference causes horrifying problems to the marine life, but also how to fix it. It will also explore the normal activities of people including farming and how this can cause an imbalance in an ecosystem. Everyday activities can cause massive nutrient loading in an ecosystem, but by reducing the amount of washing you do within the week, or using earth friendly washing detergents and fertilizers, this problem can be reduced. Marine Pollution: Causes Aquatic Biodiversity Biological diversity is the variability among living organisms from many different sources including marine and aquatic ecosystems, and the diversity within species and of ecosystems. (Gray 1996) Some of the major components of marine biodiversity include genetic diversity, species diversity, functional diversity, community and ecosystem diversity, and habitat diversity. There are numerous amounts of living creatures and plants under the water’s surface that have not been identified. 90% of fish live off the coral reefs, although only 1% or 17,650 of the life forms and species of the sea have been properly identified and studied. (Miller & Spoolman 2012). Toxic ocean pollutants One of the major causes of marine pollution is toxic ocean pollutants. Heavy metals such as ... ..., Biological Institute, University of Oslo, Norway, viewed on 28 April 2015, http://www.avesmarinhas.com.br/20%20- Harrison, RM 2001, Pollution: Causes, Effects and Control, 4th edn, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK. Marine Polution: Causes and Consequences, 2003, EMCBTAP-ENVIS Newsletter, Department of Geology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, viewed 27 April 2015, Miller, G & Spoolman, S 2012, Living in the Environment, 17th edn, Brooke/Cole, Cengage Learning, USA. Nixon, SW 1995, Coastal Marine Eutrophication: a Definition, Social Causes, and Future Concerns, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, USA, viewed on 28 April 2015,

Catawba Industrial Company Essay

1.Is the company correct in its practice of not manufacturing standard model compressors on Sundays because of the accounting loss incurred on each unit? 2.The compressor department and its manager are evaluated based on profit. Compute the compressor department profit with and without Sunday production. 3.If Marge McPhee decides to manufacture ten light-weight compressors each week and to sell them at a price of $8,000, how much better or worse off financially would Catawba be? 4.What weekly production plan for standard and light weight compressors would result in the highest financial return for Catawba? That is, how many of each product should Catawba produce each week? Assume that you have been hired by Marge McPhee to help with the three decisions she must make: (1) whether to produce on Sunday, (2) whether to produce any light-weight compressors, (3) how many of each compressor should be manufactured each week. You will recommend and justify a course of action for each decision. McPhee wants to make the right decision for herself and her division, which is treated as a profit center and evaluated based on profit as computed in Exhibit 2. However, the correct decision model and her best interests (in terms of short term performance measurement) may not agree. As an accountant, you must inform her of this inconsistency and explain it so that she can, in turn, explain it to owners or top management. Be sure to discuss all the assignment questions within your written analysis. You will need to determine the optimal volume and price to choose the correct production schedule. Memo Instructions 1.The memo is an individual project, so you are expected to work on it yourself without seeking any one’s help other than the instructor. You should bring TWO complete copies of the memo and any exhibits to class. All assignments must be handed in by the beginning of the class. Bring a copy of the memo and/or detailed notes to class with you so you will be able to discuss the case intelligently in class. 2.Download and read the memo about writing memos provided by the communications specialists. You can download it from the course’s web page in the announcements section. 3.The memo should: a.Be written in proper memo format to Marge McPhee. Several templates are provided in MS Word. This assignment has a three-page maximum page limit, not including exhibits. b.Indicate the author’s name and show his/her handwritten initials. c.Begin with a short introductory paragraph stating the purpose of the memo, and end with a brief concluding paragraph. d.Your memo should contain at least the following sections: Sunday manufacturing, Minimum light-weight production, Optimal light-weight and standard production, and Performance evaluation issues. e.If you wish to use brief references to the work of others (including the text and readings assigned for this course, as well as any other sources you may choose), you must acknowledge the source using appropriate footnotes.

Adventures of Huck Finn Essays - English-language Films, Free Essays

Adventures of Huck Finn Essays - English-language Films, Free Essays Adventures of Huck Finn title = Adventures of Huck Finn American Heritage Pd 5 & 6 The Adventures of Huckelberry Finn Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novel about a young boys coming of age in the Missouri of the mid-1800s. The main character, Huckleberry Finn, spends much time in the novel floating down the Mississippi River on a raft with a runaway slave named Jim. Before he does so, however, Huck spends some time in the fictional town of St. Petersburg where a number of people attempt to influence him. Before the novel begins, Huck Finn has led a life of absolute freedom. His drunken and often missing father has never paid much attention to him; his mother is dead and so, when the novel begins, Huck is not used to following any rules. The books opening finds Huck living with the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. Both women are fairly old and are really somewhat incapable of raising a rebellious boy like Huck Finn. Nevertheless, they attempt to make Huck into what they believe will be a better boy. Specifically, they attempt, as Huck says, to "sivilize" him. This process includes making Huck go to school, teaching him various religious facts, and making him act in a way that the women find socially acceptable. Huck, who has never had to follow many rules in his life, finds the demands the women place upon him constraining and the life with them lonely. As a result, soon after he first moves in with them, he runs away. He soon comes back, but, even though he becomes somewhat comfortable with his new life as the months go by, Huck never really enjoys the life of manners, religion, and education that the Widow and her sister impose upon him. Huck believes he will find some freedom with Tom Sawyer. Tom is a boy of Hucks age who promises Huck and other boys of the town a life of adventure. Huck is eager to join Tom Sawyers Gang because he feels that doing so will allow him to escape the somewhat boring life he leads with the Widow Douglas. Unfortunately, such an escape does not occur. Tom Sawyer promises muchrobbing stages, murdering and ransoming people, kidnaping beautiful womenbut none of this comes to pass. Huck finds out too late that Toms adventures are imaginary: that raiding a caravan of "A-rabs" really means terrorizing young children on a Sunday school picnic, that stolen "joolry" is nothing more than turnips or rocks. Huck is disappointed that the adventures Tom promises are not real and so, along with the other members, he resigns from the gang. Another person who tries to get Huckleberry Finn to change is Pap, Hucks father. Pap is one of the most astonishing figures in all of American literature as he is completely antisocial and wishes to undo all of the civilizing effects that the Widow and Miss Watson have attempted to instill in Huck. Pap is a mess: he is unshaven; his hair is uncut and hangs like vines in front of his face; his skin, Huck says, is white like a fishs belly or like a tree toads. Paps savage appearance reflects his feelings as he demands that Huck quit school, stop reading, and avoid church. Huck is able to stay away from Pap for a while, but Pap kidnaps Huck three or four months after Huck starts to live with the Widow and takes him to a lonely cabin deep in the Missouri woods. Here, Huck enjoys, once again, the freedom that he had prior to the beginning of the book. He can smoke, "laze around," swear, and, in general, do what he wants to do. However, as he did with the Widow and with Tom, Huck begins to become dissatisfied with this life. Pap is "too handy with the hickory" and Huck soon realizes that he will have to escape from the cabin if he wishes to remain alive. As a result of his concern, Huck makes it appear as if he is killed in the cabin while Pap is away, and leaves to go to a remote island in the Mississippi River, Jacksons Island. It is after he leaves his fathers cabin that Huck joins yet another important influence in his life: Miss Watsons slave, Jim. Prior to Hucks leaving, Jim has been a minor character in the novelhe has been shown being fooled by Tom Sawyer and telling Hucks fortune. Huck finds Jim on Jacksons Island because the slave has run awayhe has overheard a conversation

Overview and Book List for A Merlin Mission Books

Overview and Book List for A Merlin Mission Books The Magic Tree House Merlin Missions include Books # 29 and up in the wildly popular Magic Tree House series by Mary Pope Osborne. Like the first 28 books of the Magic Tree House series, each of the books subtitled A Merlin Mission features the magic tree house and time travel adventures of brother and sister Jack and Annie, but there is also a lot thats different. The time travel missions of Jack and Annie are now assigned by Merlin the Magician from Camelot, which is why the subtitle for every Magic Tree House book from book #29 on is A Merlin Mission.  The Magic Tree House, A Merlin Mission books are designed for kids who are ready for more advanced books than those in the first 28 books of the series for young independent readers. What to Expect Books #29 and higher are generally between 105 and 115 pages long, about 40 pages longer than books #1-28. They are also at a higher reading level, mostly between 2.4 and 3.4, and the target audience moves from 6 to 10 to 7 to 10 or 11 for the later books. Jack and Annie have also moved up in age. Jack is 11 now, and Annie is 10. Most of the books have several pages of facts and activities at the end. A chapter from the next book in the series is also provided. Like all of the other books in the Magic Tree House series, Sal Murdocca illustrated books #29 and up, with one or more engaging illustrations per chapter. New secondary characters and more complicated plots are now the norms. The overarching goal of each mission, which takes four books to complete, is more emphasized. For example, in books #33-36, Jack and Annie have to go on four missions, each to a real place and time, to demonstrate that they can use magic wisely. As a result of a successful mission in Venice, Baghdad, Paris and New York City, they receive a special award, the Wand of Dianthus, described as a powerful magic wand that would help them make their own magic. (Source, MTH #39, page 2) However, readers can continue to read and enjoy the books independently of one another, and in the order they prefer. At the beginning of the later books, author Mary Pope Osborne shares information about how her own experiences and interests relate to the books subject. In a portion of her letter to readers in Eve of the Emperor Penguin, Magic Tree House book #40, Osborne explains: While I was writing this book, I combined my memories of watching the penguins at the zoo with my research on Antarctica. And I used my imagination to think about Jack and Annie searching for a secret of happiness to share with Merlin. I always mix these three things together to create a Magic Tree House books: memory, research, and imagination. But theres one other ingredient that goes into my work on this series: joy. I love to write - and I love sharing Jack and Annie s adventures with you. One of the reasons Osborne receives so many letters from young readers is that her letters to readers make them feel that they have a personal connection with her. For more about Mary Pope Osborne and her books, check out these interviews with her: Magic Tree House Series Author Interview and 20th Anniversary of the Magic Tree House Interview With Mary Pope Osborne. As of March 2016, there was a total of 54 Magic Tree House books, with more forthcoming. All Merlin Mission books are first published in hardcover and, then, in paperback. They are also available in library binding and as audiobooks and eBooks. Also, there are 26 Magic Tree House Fact Tracker books, research guides, companion nonfiction books for some of the books in the series. Happily, ever since book #42, a Fact Tracker is published at the same time each new book in the Magic Tree House series is published. For more information about the nonfiction books, see Spotlight on the Magic Tree House Fact Tracker Books. List of Magic Tree House Books #29-48 (Merlin Missions) Christmas in Camelot, Magic Tree House, Book #29Haunted Castle On Hallow’s Eve, Magic Tree House, Book #30Summer Of The Sea Serpent, Magic Tree House, Book #31Winter Of The Ice Wizard, Magic Tree House, Book #32Carnival at Candlelight, Magic Tree House, Book #33Season of the Sandstorms, Magic Tree House, Book #34Night of the New Magicians, Magic Tree House, Book #35Blizzard of the Blue Moon, Magic Tree House, Book #36Dragon of the Red Dawn, Magic Tree House, Book #37Monday with a Mad Genius, Magic Tree House, Book #38Dark Day in the Deep Sea, Magic Tree House, Book #39Eve of the Emperor Penguin, Magic Tree House, Book #40Moonlight on the Magic Flute, Magic Tree House, Book #41A Good Night for Ghosts, Magic Tree House, Book #42Leprechaun in Late Winter, Magic Tree House, Book #43A Ghost Tale for Christmas Time, Magic Tree House, Book #44A Crazy Day with Cobras, Magic Tree House, Book #45Dogs in the Dead of Night, Magic Tree House, Book #46Abe Lincoln at Last!, Magic Tree House, Book #47 A Perfect Time for Pandas, Magic Tree House, Book #48Stallion by Starlight, Magic Tree House, Book #49Hurry Up, Houdini!, Magic Tree House, Book #50High Time for Heroes, Magic Tree House, Book #51Soccer on Sunday, Magic Tree House, Book #52Shadow of the Shark, Magic Tree House, Book #53Balto of the Blue Dawn, Magic Tree House, Book #54 The Allure Finding a series your child loves can pay off in helping them to develop their reading skills. The nice thing about the Magic Tree House series by Mary Pope Osborne is that there are so many choices in terms of subjects and books and children can enjoy the books over time as they build their reading skills. The Magic Tree House books are also popular with teachers, particularly those teaching grades 2-4. Mary Pope Osbornes Magic Tree House Classroom Adventures Program site contains a great deal of information that will be helpful to teachers and parents alike in terms of reading levels and curriculum connections, as well as lesson plans.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY PROPOSAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY PROPOSAL - Essay Example Commercial organizations rely upon the efficiency of such logistics firms to procure materials from suppliers as well as delver finished products to consumers. Hence it becomes essential that the internal systems of working are efficient so that there are no delays and errors. For FedEx communications is an essential aspect which impacts the flow of logistics and speeds up the process of delivery. Hence researching upon various systems and techniques that may facilitate the company to improve their communication systems are required to be assessed (Jablin and Putnam, 2000). The research is expected to improve the internal communication systems existing for FedEx U.K and thereby allowing the organizational members to respond quickly to various orders received and make deliveries swiftly. In the logistics industry, speed and timeliness are the most important virtues for success. Hence firms operate in this sector consistently look for ways in which they can improve their services. Based on the findings of the researchers, managers at FedEx are required to device suitable policies which would guide the organization towards improving the communications process occurring internally (Jablin and Putnam, 2000). The current research is primarily expected to improve the communications occurring between employees and their scheduling managers. Accordingly the researcher expects to identify communication tools that are most effective in terms of receiving responses and speed of action being taken when drivers are required to make unscheduled parcel pickups during their delivery rounds. The paper would therefore concentrate upon identifying important objectives of effective internal communications. The research incorporates the mixed strategy whereby both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data will be carried out. The data collected from different sources would be assessed qualitatively analysed so that detailed explanations can be provided.

Pizza home delivery business Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Pizza home delivery business - Case Study Example Our Objective: The objectives of Pizza Home delivery are to generate a profit, grow at a challenging and manageable rate, and make a margin of 15% within the first year of operation. The long term objective is to expand and become and become a leading Pizza home delivery service within the UK The timing is right for starting this new venture. In phase of the collapse of the traditional family settings and the London Olympic coupled with stringent and 'difficult credit facilities offered by banks' regulations set forth by regulatory bodies, this firm has come to give its prospective clients just the services they much desire. The demand from our clients, as well as our ambition and passion for Pizza making business, and the procurement of highly professional and qualified chef, has made this venture one of great potential. Pizza home delivery is a new business venture. It is an establishment to be based in Cambridge the sole distribution of Pizza at peoples home a private home delivery Pizza service and restaurant for affluent young families (parents and children). A "third space" for mothers and fathers who can relax in their houses and with a phone call they are served. It would be positioned as a home away from home, without being too far away. There is no other offering in Cambridge, United Kingdom at the moment. It is a for-profit business that provides a range of tailored services to new and young families all under one roof. It is envisioned that the usage of the services will be working and busy people of all works of life within different age groups however when fathers/male carers use the restaurants and the facilities, they must feel comfortable, welcomed and entertained. We will provide three class of pizza and sizes, for individuals, family, and for parties. The Pizza home delivery services will be facilitated by our home delivery vans. The Market There is definitely a market opportunity for Pizza home delivery restaurant services. The size of the market right now in terms of finances is sitting at there are 2241 businesses within the ABS Classification of Interest Groups and over the last 4 years has experienced an average growth rate of 4%. The total revenue in for this industry has been estimated by an independent market analyst to be more than 1billion GBPs. In terms of customers there are more than 6,735 families living withing the target market Cambridge that comprise our target market; couples with young children under the age of 10 with a household take home income of over 750GBP per week on average. It is estimated that the potential market share will be 10% with projected member take up of 500 members in the first year due to pent up demand. Continued growth

Pollution by CO2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pollution by CO2 - Essay Example Therefore, concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is being monitored closely in order to prevent effects of global warming (Ramseur & Parker2008, p.27). The need to curb the effects of global warming due to increased greenhouse gases has led to the development of novel devices, which can monitor air pollution by CO2. However, it is worth to mention that some of the methods in use for the monitoring of CO2 tend to be highly sophisticated, and can only be used under exceptional circumstances. Today, majority of the devices that are in use for monitoring of atmospheric CO2 are constructed using Non-Dispersive Infrared gas analyzers. However, there are several other techniques, which use chromatographic and spectrum techniques. It is necessary to note that there is an internationally accepted calibration system that helps in giving a global standard for CO2 measurements (Nowakb & King 2002, p.246). Devices for measuring CO2 pollution Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) This is one of the methods widely used for monitoring atmospheric pollution by CO2. This technique has been in use for decades, and its working principle is based on the identification of the absorption spectrum for different gases. Therefore, FTIR operates by monitoring the whole infrared spectrum in order to identify the different absorption spectrums for gases present. Infrared spectrums produce absorption spectrums for samples that have absorption peaks that correspond to frequencies of bond vibrations within an atom. Every material has a unique combination of atoms, hence the uniqueness in the infrared spectrum produced. Therefore, the use of infrared spectroscopy can help in the quantitative analysis of a material (Xinyi 2012, p. 225). The size of peaks produced by infrared spectrums provides a direct measurement for the quantity of substance present within the test sample, which goes to extents of 10% of CO2 concentrations in the sample. The use of software algorithms has made use o f the infrared spectrum a vital tool for quantitative analysis. The use of FTIR has a number of advantages over other techniques that were in use earlier. These advantages include its nondestructive nature; it also gives precise measurements that do not need any external calibration, has a high operating speed and is of a high sensitivity. Other advantages include its high optical throughput, and its mechanical simplicity.With the help of an interferometer, FTIR measures different infrared frequencies simultaneously. Therefore, this technique is reliable for the identification of air pollution by CO2 based on its unique absorption spectrum (Griffith &Stephen 2000, p.218). Advantages FTIR provides the advantage of measuring up to 50 determinants. The other advantagesincludethe reduced number of interferences, lack of frequent calibration, and a typical range of 2.5-25Â µm. Disadvantages The main disadvantage associated with the use of FTIR is its potential to generate a large amount of data from inferograms, which makes data analysis process cumbersome. The other disadvantage relates to difficulties in obtaining a representative background. Gas chromatography This is an analytic technique that is used in the analysis of a number of gaseous substances. Analysis of gases using gas chromatography requires the gaseous compounds under analysis to have thermal stability and sufficiently

Unethical Business Research Conduct Essay Example for Free

Unethical Business Research Conduct Essay Ethics and the behaviors associated with them have the highest significance for different reasons within a business organization. Companies must ensure they follow all levels of ethical behavior when any activity is performed at their premises; especially activities related to business research. Business research is the systematic inquisition that provides information to direct managerial decisions (Cooper Schindler, 2011). Its purpose is to allow companies access to valuable information on company policies, customer service and consumer buying habits. Business owners can use this information to discover which products and services are important to the public, worker morale and behaviors, as well as what they can do to set themselves apart from the competition. However, wrong methods and/or unethical research conduct can obscure results and lead to the damage of a companies’ process, financial statue and image. An example of unethical business research can be found in the 2004 discrimination lawsuit against the restaurant Cracker Barrel. A number of bad research methods contributed to the courts’ order to convict and discipline the retailer for a number of consumer accusations. The leading cause of the court’s decision was the companies’ bad research and investigations into the basic problems and the flawed information that was turned into the Department of Justice following said investigation. Cracker Barrel Restaurant and Old Country Store, a nationwide retail chain, underwent random testing of its facilities and stores to monitor the possibility of racial bias in customer service. This research and observation was not only to screen for the possibility of racism, but to expand culture and diversity training to employees as part of a settlement with the Department of Justice on May 3, 2004. This agreement was made after a number of African Americans (and other minority groups) customers of the establishment came forward with complaints through the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People or NAACP, stating â€Å" they were made to wait longer for tables, were seated away from white patrons, received inferior service and wer e otherwise discriminated against at Cracker Barrel restaurants† (Fears, 2004). As part of a court agreement, Cracker Barrel conducted its own corporate research into the accusations against its company. They concluded that no wrongdoings were committed, asserting that its company has always maintained anti-discrimination policies to all consumer no matter what gender, race and sexuality they are. Upon the reception of Cracker Barrel’s results, the Justice Department decided to hire an independent auditor to check their claims. The Justice Departments investigation included interviews with approximately 150 persons, [of which consisted] mostly [of] former Cracker Barrel employees; and found that 80 percent stated that they experienced or witnessed discriminatory treatment of customers at a Cracker Barrel restaurant,† according to R. Alexander Acosta, Assistant Attorney General for the Department of Justice’s Civil Rights Division. The conclusion suggested that some managers directed, participated in, and/or encouraged stereotyping and discrim inatory behaviors from employee, Acostas added (Schmit Copeland, 2004). Though this suit ended with the court’s judgment for Cracker Barrel to pay fines and damages to a number of customers and their attorneys, the company’s reputation for discrimination is continuously being investigated a number of private and federal groups, including the Department of Justice, NAACP, and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission or EEOC. The first issue with the company began with management not taking customer complaints seriously, however, the major issue is how the company went about resolving the issue. Had they taken the time to actually brainstorm and come up with a logical way to resolve the issue, the accusations probably wouldn’t have turned into a class-action lawsuit. And when the Department of Justice demanded the company conduct a private, internal investigation, they should have gone about doing it the right way. However the company and managerial lack of interest in proper investigation and research skills lead them to produce questionable results of value to the case. With this, the Department of Justice chose to proceed with its own investigation to prove or disprove the case and integrity of the company. Reference Cooper, D., Schindler, P. (2011). Business research methods (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw- Hill/Irwin. Retrieved from the University of Phoenix eBook website: https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/content/eBookLibrary2/content/TOC.aspx?assetid=8e4d9544-fa8b-4402-8f2d- 624db889e46dassetmetaid=179f7507-93d0-431c-826f-d663a33b6057 Fears, D. (2004). Crackle Barrel, Government Settles Discrimination Suit. The Washington Post Company. Retrieved January 21, 2012 from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/articles/A639242004 Schmit, J. Copeland, L. (2004). Cracker Barrel customer says bias was flagrant. USA Today. Retrieved January 20, 2012 from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/companies/2004-05-07-cracker- barrel_x.htm

The Braden Scale :: The Braden Scale

The Braden Scale is a clinically valued tool that is used to predict pressure ulcers. The scale is broken down into six sub-scales; these subscales determine the risk factors associated with skin break down. Multiple aspects of a patients condition are examined, (sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, friction and shear), to limit the patients susceptibility for skin break down. Since pressure ulcers are a financial burden and a cause for patient discomfort and possible infection, predicting and assessing risk has enormous benefit and significance. This study was conducted to determine the validity of the mobility subscale of the Braden scale. The subscale of mobility is defined as the patients ability to change and control body positions. The research was conducted in a veteran hospital, and participants ranged in age from 45-95 years. The tools that were used were the Braden scale and actigraphy which measures movement. It was placed on the patient’s non-dominant ankle in order to observe the larger movements of the patient. The researcher defined each score in relation to movement. They hypothesized that the increase in movement would cause an increase in score of the mobility subscale. As predicted, the mobility subscale scores increased as movement increased. A similar study to predict risk of ulcers in pediatric patients was conducted to test the validity of using the Braden Q scale. A modified version of the Braden Scale, only containing three subscales, was used to utilize a shorter comparable tool. The Braden Q Scale is a revision of the Braden scale that is applicable in pediatrics. The two tools that were used were: the Braden Q Scale and skin assessments. The sample study consisted of 322 patients who were on bed rest for at least 24 hours. The patients were observed three times per week, for two weeks, and then weekly until discharge, which totaled 887 individual assessments. It was determined that both the Braden Q, as well as the modified Braden Scale was adequate tools to measure skin breakdown. Both studies modified the original Braden Scale to test the validity of their modifications. The first study was based solely on the mobility scale of the Braden scale, while the second study used three of the original sub-scales to prove comparable results to the overall scale. Both studies were designed to simplify the Braden scale in order to determine the effectiveness of the subscales alone.

The Gamma Knife Improves Treatment of Brain Disorders Essay -- Explora

The Gamma Knife Improves Treatment of Brain Disorders Advanced treatment for brain tumors and brain disorders, the Gamma Knife is a tool being utilized to treat thousands of functional brain disorders every year without the danger involved in invasive procedures. Not many people can say they were up and about the same day after treatment of a brain tumor. This is now possible with the Gamma Knife, a technology utilizing gamma rays to treat brain disorders successfully and with no incision. These requirements are essential when trying to treat the disorders in a sensitive organ as the brain, where millimeters may mean the difference between life or death or brain damage. Developed in 1968 by Swedish neurosurgeon Lars Leksell, the Gamma Knife was not used until many years later when advanced diagnostic methods were developed. With the advent of technology such as the MRI and CT scan, the Gamma Knife's full capabilities are finally being realized. Conditions often treated with the technology are arteriovenus malformations, acoustic neuromas, meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, and brain metastases. The risk of surgical complications is non-existent since the procedure is performed without an incision. It is also almost painless; patients usually opt for just local anesthesia and a mild sedative. The patient's head does not even need to be shaved for the procedure. During invasive procedures, surgeons are forced to actually penetrate the brain and work with MRI and CAT scan pictures to locate tumors and remove them. This is often an inaccurate procedure that may leave portions of the tumor still in the brain and require another operation. Another downside to invasive procedure is that tumo... ...Knife is also cost-effective. With no need for long hospital stays or rehabilitation, the procedure is obviously highly recommended by medical-insurance providers. The Gamma Knife is revolutionizing the treatment of brain disorders. Before, when a cancer spread to the brain, it was considered a terminal illness. Now, a patient is able to walk in and be treated in just a half hour. There have not even been any reported deaths or complications resulting from the procedure. It is being bought for use in many hospitals around the world and may be, in the not too distant future, as common as any other surgical procedure performed today. Bibliography http://www.chw.edu/mha/Gamma/gamma.html http://www.chw.edu/mha/Gamma/Q&A.html http://gammaknife.org/technical.html "Magnetic Resonance Imaging", Encarta. Microsoft Corporation, 1997.

Domestic and Global Security Threats

Current domestic and global security threats: The impact on The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was formed to cope with the challenges of a bipolar world. However, today’s global environment faces multi-polar challenges from non-state actors such as terrorists. Threats once considered domestic concerns now affect the world, like global warming and the need to rebuild the infrastructure of unstable states such as Afghanistan and Bosnia.The globalization of modern society has meant the globalization of modern technological threats, including cyberterrorism, as well as increased international competition for scarce energy resources. All of these problems affect NATO members but cannot be addressed with a regionally specific focus. To create a more secure world â€Å"NATO will need to start working in partnership with other multilateral organizations, like the UN, if it hopes to find effective permanent solutions to the secu rity challenges facing the world.Although NATOs presence is often a condition of success, it is increasingly insufficient† by itself when dealing with global security (Goldschmidt 2009). Domestic state concerns, such as internal instability and a lack of resources can have global repercussions. Domestic concerns: Domestic peacekeeping in Afghanistan and global warming Because of the terrorist threat posed to NATO nations by terrorist non-state actors harbored in Afghanistan, NATO cannot shirk the critical role it must play in creating a more stable government, despite Afghanistan’s non-European location.In Afghanistan, â€Å"there is a need for a coordinated effort with development and reconstruction agencies. NATO currently must play both a security and nation-building role. It was not designed for the latter, and cannot hope to create the conditions for military withdrawal without a concerted development effort† with other regional and international organizatio ns such as the United Nations (Goldschmidt 2009).Recently, NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen stated that while Afghanistan security and internal integrity is still challenging and â€Å"Afghanistan will likely face security threats for years to come,† NATO alliance forces within the nation have begun â€Å"transferring security responsibilities to the Afghan government† and can begin a slow withdrawal (Fedynsky 2010). Afghanistan security will remain of grave concern for the Alliance, but the approach taken by NATO has been seen as a useful template for its future 21st century fforts. Said Secretary General Rasmussen: â€Å"It will not be a run for the exit†¦What will happen is that we hand over lead responsibility to the Afghans, and our soldiers will then move into a more supportive role. But I foresee that the Afghan security forces will need our supportive assistance for quite some time† (Fedynsky 2010). NATO will increasingly assume the role , suggests Rasmussen, of a peacekeeping force—keeping the domestic peace for Afghanistan in the interests of global peace.Global warming is of grave concern for all of NATO members, given that wars for the earth’s scarce energy resources can become a fertile source of interstate conflict. Nations with historical animosity to NATO members, such as those in the Persian Gulf, often harbor the greatest reserves of the world’s fossil fuels. Climate change can also result in critical reductions in the food supply and politically destabilizing natural disasters. Global warming has even intensified competition for territory: â€Å"Russia, the US, Canada, Norway and Denmark have all been attracted to the energy supply in the Arctic.Relations between these states has intensified after evidence revealed that global warming was melting the polar ice making, access to the energy supplies easier as jurisdiction over the region is still under dispute† (â€Å"Russia,â⠂¬  Press TV, 2009). â€Å"Climate change could confront us with a whole range of unpleasant developments — developments which no single nation state has the power to contain†¦. dwindling water and food supplies, global warming, and mass migration cause international tensions. [Climate change will] sharpen the competition over resources, notably water.It will increase the risks to coastal regions. It will provoke disputes over territory and farming land. It will spur migration and it will make fragile states even more fragile† warned NATO Secretary General Jaap de Hoop Scheffer (Waterfield 2008). Unspoken by Scheffer was the fact that Russia â€Å"aims to be among the world's top five economies in medium term† and has a strong â€Å"reliance on natural energy supplies such as oil and gas† and a strong interest in expanding its reserves (â€Å"Russia,† Press TV, 2009).Global concerns: Russia, missile shields and cyberterrorism Thus domestic co ncerns such as internal instability and even energy scarcity have global repercussions that affect NATO nations. That is why, despite the end of the Cold War, tensions between NATO member and non-member nations remain bubbling so close to the surface. It has not been forgotten by the Russian leadership that NATO was founded to address the security concerns raised by the now-defunct institutions of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact.Fears of ‘Star Wars’ shield defense systems were reignited in March when Secretary General Rasmussen, warning of the â€Å"looming threat of weapons of mass destruction,† made a case for a missile shield system for all NATO alliance states against â€Å"unconventional weapons and the missiles that [they] could carry†¦Should Iran produce intermediate- and intercontinental-range missiles†¦the whole of the European continent, as well as all of Russia would be in range,† he stated (Brunnstrom 2010).Rasmussen’s del iberate mention of Russia as a potential target for rogue states and terrorist organizations did little to allay the Russia’s fears that a NATO missile shield system would pose a threat to its security. In 2009, before the US announced its abandonment of a missile defense system in the Czech Republic, â€Å"a national security document released by Moscow describe[d] the US and NATO as major threats to the security of the world and Russia† (â€Å"Russia,† Press TV, 2009). Along with its disputes with Russia, cyberterrorism and terrorism have been pressing concerns in framing NATO’s global agenda for the future.The most visible aspect of NATO’s anti-terrorist campaign has been in terms of its military capacity through efforts such as Operation Active Endeavour (OAE), â€Å"a maritime surveillance operation led by NATO’s naval forces to undertake anti-terrorist patrol, escort and compliant boarding in the Mediterranean,† as well as NATO policing assistance protecting the public during high-profile events such as the Olympics and other international sporting events (â€Å"Topic: Terrorism,† NATO, 2010).NATO has also made every effort to deploy new technology in its efforts to subvert terrorist threats such as its Defense Against Terrorism Program of Work (DAT POW) which created the precision air-drop technology currently used in Afghanistan. Since 2007 cyber attacks in Estonia swamped government websites shortly after the Estonian government challenged the Russian government regarding the possession of a national monument, NATO’s awareness has been heightened about the security risks posed by cyberterrorism. The protection of NATO's key information systems in general, and cyber defense in particular, are integral parts of the functions of the Alliance† (â€Å"Topic: Terrorism,† NATO, 2010). In addition to specifically-coordinated military efforts, NATO has attempted to promote information sharing between member nations regarding terrorist threats and counter-terrorist efforts.However, the maintenance of hostilities between NATO and Russia continues to be of concern, given Russia’s fears of NATO missile defense systems, Russia’s desire to expand its territorial outreach for energy reserves, and Russia’s lack of willingness to engage in information exchanges with the Alliance. Russia is a critical partner in fighting global warming and terrorism, particularly because of its size, resources, and the fact that many cyber attacks have been traced to Russia.Building stronger relationships with Russia without compromising NATO’s domestic and global agenda will be a critical challenge for the Alliance in the 21st century.Works CitedBrunnstrom, David. â€Å"Missile Defense Needed Against Growing Threat, NATO Chief Says. † Reuters. March 26, 2009. May 14, 2010. http://www. globalsecuritynewswire. org/gsn/nw_20100326_9638. php Fedynsky, Peter. â€Å"NATO to Transfer Security Tasks to Afghan Government. Global Security. April 23, 2010. May 14, 2010. http://www. globalsecurity. org/military/library/news/2010/04/mil-100423-voa01. htm Goldschmidt, Pierre. Garry Hindle, R. Andreas Kraemer, Fabrice Pothier, Jamie Shea, Michael Stopford , Ashley J. Tellis & Brooks Tigner. â€Å"The Next Generation of Security Threats: Reprogramming NATO? † Carnegie Mellon: Europe. February 24, 2009. May 14, 2010. http://carnegieeurope. eu/events/? fa=1255 Russia: US, NATO main threats to global security. † Press TV. May 13, 2009. May 14, 2010. http://www. presstv. ir/detail. aspx? id=94616 §ionid=351020602 â€Å"Topic: Terrorism† NATO. 2001. May 14, 2010. http://www. nato. int/cps/en/natolive/topics_48801. htm Waterfield, Bruno. â€Å"NATO Chief warns of climate change developments. † The Daily Telegraph. 2008. May 14, 2010. http://www. nysun. com/foreign/nato-chief-warns-of-climate-change-developments/79215/